Spatial requirements

Spatial requirements, potentials and restrictions are presented in graphic attachment 4 – Spatial requirements (1. Graphic digital basemaps) in Competition Documentation

Spatial organization and contents

When defining spatial matrix and square contents, apply the following guidelines:

• Observe the form, proportion, position and significance of the square – spatial matrix is conditioned by the position in the urban tissue, historic and architectural framework, use of structures, applied solutions of urban design, etc.; “arch-like” regulation of perimeter streets defines circular form of the square;
• Plan a complex/multilayered character of the square area, appreciating the spatial, typological, monumental, ambient and other characteristics and values of Savski Square;
• Enable multipurpose use of the area – pedestrian movements, zones serving the buildings oriented towards the square, lingering places, meeting places, areas for different activities and manifestations;
• Define spatial zones within the square compatible with the way the area is used – zones immediately beside the buildings, metro station accesses, places of standing, inactivity, meetings, etc.;
• Comply with all elements of technical documentation for metro station – position of entrances, elevators, all surface grids (ventilation and emergency openings);
• Canopy of the Old Railway Station (Historical Museum of Serbia) along the façade of the main body towards the square should be integrated into the planned contents of the square;
• Plan a part of the area for occasional / periodical holding of various events and manifestations, in particular those connected with the Historical Museum of Serbia;
• Avoid spatial conflicts (e.g. space for a quiet rest not to be positioned beside entrances into the metro station, playing area for children to be located as far as possible from the streets, etc.);
• Spatial accentuation and shaping of parts of the square are allowed. It is also possible to design artistic installations in order to create a unique identity of the site (e.g. presentation of history of the Competition Site, and alike);
• It is possible to plan water features (drinking fountains, fountains, water mirrors, etc.);
• Affirm the concept of environmental, energy and economic sustainability and enable easy and economical exploitation and maintenance;
• Define the location for placing the Blue Train locomotive outside the zone of underground construction of Savski Trg Metro Station – the existing location of the locomotive is the area between the buildings of the Old Railway Station (Historical Museum of Serbia) and the Old Post Office (Archeological Museum of Serbia). The locomotive to be planned as a permanent exhibition element (museum exhibit) within development of the square.
• All spatial elements within the ground-level arrangement, such as sculptures, fountains, larger-scale urban furniture and other contents, must be designed and constructed with the minimum possible self-weight, in order not to endanger the reinforced-concrete structure of “Savski Trg” Metro Station located beneath the square. The maximum allowed imposed load of the reinforced-concrete cover slab of the station structure, as well as within a distance of 30 m from the outer edges of the station structure, amounts to 20 kN/m² (2 t/m²) (including all layers of the final finished level). Therefore, during design and construction it is necessary to ensure that the total loads remain within the prescribed limit values. In addition, the position of the locomotive should be defined in such a way that its static impact does not endanger the diaphragm walls and other load-bearing elements of the station.

Free and green areas

With the solution of free and green spaces it is necessary to create a spatial & functional and esthetic connection with the completed part of Savski Square in order to define the final form of open public space in the landscaping and architectural & urban sense. Also, by careful planning of spatial matrix, materialization and selection of contents it is necessary to create a multilayered connection of buildings of various styles and contents into a unique spatial unit.

In a wider sense, the Competition Solution should offer a way of connecting Savski Square with public open spaces in a wider surrounding, thus finalizing the process of spatial transformation and revitalization of a wider area into a modern, multifunctional urban center which represents connection of the central urban tissue with the Sava riverside area. Also, leveling of free areas should be adjusted to the surrounding area and contents.

Spatial matrix of free and green spaces of the square is conditioned by the position of the buildings oriented towards the square, existing and planned underground installations, position of metro system structures, etc.

When defining the layout and composition solution, fixed elements of Savski Trg Metro Station (entrances/exits, ventilation and emergency openings, etc.) should be completely integrated into the planned solution for the square. Positions of ventilation and emergency openings should be downloaded from the attached project documentation for the metro station. Emergency openings should be planned at the ground level, while grids of ventilation openings may be planned at the ground level or at a certain height (maximum 3m) if they are an integral part of the concept of square landscaping (e.g. within benches, planters, artistic installations and alike).

In compliance with the defined spatial restrictions of the site, in the Competition Solution the share of green spaces in direct contact with the soil should be as large as possible, taking into account that the part of Savski Square along Savska Street was reconstructed into a pedestrian zone with high percentage of green spaces and rich tree fund.

Boundary of the Competition Site encompasses the parts of the square area that are elaborated in the Preliminary Design of Landscaping in the Zone around the Stefan Nemanja Monument at Savski Square in the scope of the Belgrade Waterfront Project (CeS.TRA, 2021) and which are mostly completed:

• area between transformer substation, Street SAO 6 (Luke Ćelovića Trebinjca) and Karadjordjeva Street,
• area between the Old Railway Station (Historical Museum of Serbia) and the old Post Office Stare (Archeological Museum of Serbia).

With the Competition Solution on these square parts it is necessary to make connection with the design elements from the said project in order to form a spatial unit of a unique artistic expression.

Within the square it is necessary to define a location for communal waste disposal (for the needs of the Historical Museum of Serbia), along perimeter streets so that the route of waste collection vehicles is as short as possible. The area for waste disposal should be integrated into the concept of development of free and green spaces and harmonized with the urban equipment design.

Materialization

For development of the square follow the following recommendations for materialization:

• Applied materials should illustrate significance and representativeness of the space and buildings in the surrounding;
• Materialization and colors of the paved surfaces to be harmonized with the style and materialization of the completed part of Savski Square in front of the Old Railway Station Building (Historical Museum of Serbia);
• For paving the paths and the plateau use high-quality and decorative materials in harmony with the surrounding, safe for use during all weather conditions (e.g. care should be taken that materials do not radiate excessively, risk of sliding to be reduced, etc.);
• Surfacing at children playgrounds should be made using modern materials which might soften the impact of possible falls;
• Tactile paving and other technical solutions must enable movement of group of users with special needs;
• Foundation of sculptural contents, furniture and other structures shall not be in conflict with metro station solution;
• Consider visual division of different traffic modes using different surfacing (materialization and colors), and directing the flows by low and high greenery, elements of urban furniture.

Plant material:

• Plan the zone of low vegetation in accordance with the planned depth of substrate and bearing capacity of the structure of the underground facility. Soil overburden in the zone of underground station cannot have vegetation which might imperil station box;
• Green spaces should be shaped so as to become visual symbols or accentuators in the space and future generators of different activities associated with the surrounding contents;
• Care should be taken of connecting with free and green spaces in the surrounding, and in particular with the completed part of Savski Square;
• Confirm the authenticity of the space by proper selection of plant material, integrate all planned contents, make additional visualization of the author/designer idea. Green spaces should be shaped so as to contribute to affirmation of ambience potentials of this public area in agreement with its character and intended use;
• For greening use decorative species of trees and shrubbery, flowers and lawns, organized in landscaping compositions aimed at accentuating the esthetic dimensions of the space. Use the species adapted to local environmental conditions (pollution, made ground, high level of underground water), with long vegetation period, strong fhytoncide and bactericidal properties, great resistance to urban dust and exhaust gases, highly decorative and attractive during a longer time period;
• Use of invasive species and species that may cause allergies is prohibited:
• Greenery composition solution, in addition to high functional and esthetic values, must provide visibility, passability, safety and good spatial view;
• Spatial distribution of greenery must enable visibility of the space and structures from all access directions;
• High plants to be planned outside the zone of underground parts of metro system facility;
• Observe the prescribed distances between buildings and installations;
• Plan functional connection with greenery in regulation of streets.

Equipping the area with urban furniture elements:

• Plan introduction of high-quality furniture of contemporary design matching the representative contents of culture and the square;
• In agreement with the spatial needs and possibilities, plan the following: benches, planters, trash cans, lump-posts, sculptures, water features, bicycle racks, directional signs, signalization, interactive boards, etc.;
• Equipment on children playgrounds should be compliant with the prescribed standards;
• Provide lighting of the square area, and direct light sources towards the ground. Harmonize planned solutions with the solutions applied to the reconstructed part of the square and the Old Railway Station Building (Historical Museum of Serbia). With decorative lighting it is possible to accentuate sculptures, water features, monument values, microambiences.
• For urban equipment which utilizes electricity, use new technical and technological solutions, in particular those from energy renewable sources.

Traffic solution – accesses and communications

For solving traffic flows in the scope of the Competition Site the following requirements should be complied with:

• Regulation lines of the street SAO6 (Luke Ćelovića Trebinjca) and the streets Karadjordjeva and Savska are defined in the SPSPA BW. The streets Karadjordjeva and Savska are constructed in full section, whereas construction of the street SAO 6 is in progress;
• Vehicular access to the square (utility and delivery vehicles) is from the street SAO 6;
• Access of tourist busses for the needs of the Historical Museum of Serbia is possible by planning a “drop off” zone in regulation of the street SAO 6 (Luke Ćelovića Trebinjca). In direct contact of the “drop off” zone, within the Competition Site, an area (plateau) should be planned for acceptance of passengers;
• Access for fire-fighting vehicles may be provided from all perimeter streets;
• Layout and leveling elements from the attached technical documentation to be adhered to:
  • in the zone of Savski Trg Metro Station – positions and grade levels of entrances A and B into the metro station, elevators, all surface grids and evacuation openings;
  • in the zone of the Old Railway Station Building (Historical Museum of Serbia) – positions and grade levels of entrances (main entrance, visitor entrance), service accesses, depot accesses, staff accesses, etc.;
  • in the zone of the Old Post Office Building (Archeological Museum of Serbia) and elementary school – positions and grade levels of entrances;
  • grade levels of planned streets, etc.;
• Routes of fire exits in the scope of the Competition Site are proposed in the specified project documentation. Competition Solution should reconsider these routes and propose new solutions in compliance with the effective legal regulations and in order to avoid any spatial conflicts (e.g. access to the fire exit from Karadjordjeva Street optionally to be changed to the access from the street SAO 6 beside transformer substation because it is overlapping with the overall dimensions of the constructed fountain outside the Competition Scope, etc.);
• When defining fire exit for fire-fighting vehicles apply the following characteristics:
  • minimum width of carriageway for one-way traffic is 3.5 m and for two-way traffic 6 m,
  • internal curve radius left by vehicle wheels is 7 m, and external curve radius is 10,5 m,
  • maximum slope is 12% if carriageway does not freeze, and 6% if carriageway freezes and other norms defined by the Rulebook on Technical Norms for Access Roads, Turning Areas and Plateaus for Fire-Fighting Vehicles near High-Fire Risk Structure (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 8/95);
• Within the square it is necessary to provide areas for movement and temporary stopping of heavy goods vehicle (HGV) for delivery of exhibits to the depot in the Historical Museum of Serbia, under following conditions:
  • elaborate delivery schedule and plan delivery so as not to obstruct the surrounding street network,
  • access for delivery vehicles to be positioned at minimum distance of 15 m from the intersection, measured from the regulation line of the side street according to the principle ingress/egress (without intersecting divisional island, only right turns) in order to decrease conflict points and adverse effect on the flow within the observed street network,
  • access of heavy goods vehicle for delivery of exhibits to be dimensioned relative to the design vehicle, i.e. the vehicle with the requested maneuverability and depending on the access street width. In this way passability requirements for the design vehicle will be fulfilled, so that the vehicle can enter/exit the lot going forwards without additional maneuvering in the street,
  • materialization of the specified areas must be adjusted to movement of the design vehicle (e.g. forklift truck) used for loading/unloading and transport of exhibits,
  • areas for movement of delivery vehicles in terms of layout and levelling to be fitted in with the planned pedestrian flows at the square;
• All areas intended for vehicle movement within the square must fulfil passability requirements (widths, curve radii, longitudinal grades, clearances, etc.) for the adopted design vehicle depending on the planned movement schedule of the vehicle. Minimum lane width of 3,50 m to be planned for vehicle movement;
• It is possible to design vehicular accesses at the carriageway level. Flush kerbs in the width of pavement should be installed in the part of the “fan” vehicular access intersecting the pavement, so that pedestrian movement within the pavement of the streets SAO6 (Luke Ćelovića Trebinjca) and Karadjordjeva remains continuous;
• Areas intended for vehicle movement and maneuvering must have a base course adapted to vehicle movement and dimensioned according to the expected traffic load;
• It is recommended to clearly divide (physically or visually) the area at the square intended for vehicle movement from the area for pedestrian movement (e.g. with different color and materialization, bollards, high kerbs, etc.);
• Access control system to be planned at the positions of vehicular access to the square and it is mandatory to provide a holding area so that the vehicle waiting for access does not interfere with the traffic flow in the adjacent traffic network. The area for vehicle movement in the part where access (entrance/exit) is controlled to be designed with maximum longitudinal slope of 2,5%;
• Parking for the users of cultural contents in the square surrounding is planned in public garages (planned by valid plans or plans in preparation):
  • under Bristol Park,
  • in Gavrila Principa Street,
  • under Gavrila Principa Park (Financial Park),
  • at the corner of Savska Street and Aleksandra Glišića Street,

  and in the regulation of the surrounding streets in the pedestrian isochrone not larger than 400m;

• Square area to be defined as a primary pedestrian area;
• A wider context of space and directions of target pedestrian movements in the area concerned should be taken into account when defining pedestrian communications;
• Pedestrian flows to be formed according to the shortest distance principle (from the buildings to the pavement of perimeter streets and public transport stops, connections of free and pedestrian areas with flows in the surrounding);
• If grids, manholes or covers are installed within the areas intended for pedestrian movement they should be installed so as to ensure safe pedestrian movement, in particular of persons with disabilities;
• Plan bicycle paths within the Competition Site and enable continuity in guidance of bicycle traffic relative to the contact area – existing and planned paths in regulation of the streets Vudroa Vilsona (SAO 1), Kraljice Drage Obrenović (SAO 4) and Luke Ćelovića Trebinjca (SAO 6). Plan bicycle paths with minimum width of 2,5 m and they should run independently of the carriageway (min. 0,75 m from the outer carriageway edge). Keep clearance of bicycle path in the height of 2,5 m along the entire bicycle path;
• Plan flush kerbs (h=0 cm) in the width of the pedestrian/bicycle crossings;
• Plan installation of “P” profile for bicycle parking in the vicinity of the Historical Museum of Serbia;
• Plan space for installation of public bicycle rental station within Savski Square:
  • two locations with minimum dimensions 5x4m with free height of 2.75 m (area may be at one or two locations depending on spatial possibilities),
  • according to the Plan of Locations for Installing Bicycle Rental Stations in the Territory of the City of Belgrade (Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade, No. 121/21) (hereinafter: Bicycle Rental Stations Plan), position of the public bicycle rental station in the Competition Scope is planned in the part of the square between the Historical Museum of Serbia and the Archeological Museum of Serbia (location No. 66). Excerpt from the Bicycle Rental Stations Plan is an integral part of the Competition Documentation (excerpts from Planning Documents), provided that it is not mandatory to take the said location when defining the Competition Solution;
• The location in question is served by the following bus and tram stops of the public fixed- schedule transport (in five-minute walking zone from the location in question):
  • Savski trg (Savska) in Savska Street, in a separate tram lane,
  • planned stop Savski Most in Vudroa Vilsona Boulevard,
  • Ekonomski Fakultet – bus and tram stops in a separate tram lane,
  • Savski Trg – bus and tram stops in a separate tram lane in Nemanjina Street in both directions which represent the nearest stops to the zone of the planned Savski Trg Metro Station and the planned contents at the Competition Site;
• Plan pedestrian flows in continuity from the planned metro station and the planned contents towards bus stops, pedestrian crossings and tram stops in Savska Street;
• Enable access to public transport stop to the pedestrians in compliance with the Rulebook on Technical Standards of Planning, Designing and Construction of Buildings which ensure Unhindered Movement and Access of Persons with Disabilities, Children and the Elderly (Official Gazette of RS, No. 22/15).